Telephonic apparatus



(N0 Model.)

` 2 sheets-sheen 2, C. J. SGHWARZE. TELEPHONIG APPARATUS.

Patented Jan. 14, 11896.

'PATENT Fries.

CARL J. SCI'IIVARZE, OF ADRIAN, MIC/I'IIGAN.

TELEPHONIC'APPARATUS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 552,972, dated January 14, 1896.

Application iile April 22, 1895. Serial No. 546,664. (No model.)

T0 @ZZ whom it may concern..-

Be it known that I, CARL J. SCHWARZE, a citizen ot the United States, residing at Adrian, .in the county of Lenawee and State of Michigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Telephonie Apparatus, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

The object of any invention is to reduce the aggregate number of parts required in a magneto-telephonie apparatus; and to this end it consists in the peculiar and novel construction of a combined signaling apparatus and transmitter7 all as more fully hereinafter described.

In the drawings, Figure l is a horizontal section through my combined transmitter and signaling apparatus. Fig. 2 isa vertical central section thereof. Fi 3 is a rear elevation, and Fig. -l a diagram, of the apparatus. Fig. is a perspective View of the permanent magnet detached. Fig. 6 is a horizontal section thereof on line Fig. 5.

A is a permanent magnet, formed With segmental cylindrical poles B and C on opposite sides of a cylindrical opening D, which eX- tends through the body of the magnet and is closed upon the opposite ends by non-magnetic heads E F. The pole B on one side is continuous, hut the opposite pole C is divided by an opening F, formed through it and communicating with a circular orifice inclosed Within an annular flange Gr, which magnetically unites the divided poles and forms an annular seat, to which the diaphragm H, of magnetic material, is secured free to vibrate in close proximity to the poles C, which gradually recede therefrom toward the center. Upon the diaphragm the usual mouthpiece I is peripherally secured. The magnet is preferably cast in this form in one piece, and it may be considered as a double horseshoe-magnet,with the like poles united on the one side by the pole-piece B and on t-he other side by the ringflange G, from which the pole-pieces C may be said to project and form jointly the other pole of the magnet. By passing an electric current around the parts Y Y, which represent the bent portions of the horseshoes, it is obviously an easy matter to produce a strong permanent magnet of this form.

The ermanent magnet A b f its ieculiar D s l l shape is adapted to form an inclosing casing and support for the apparatus, and is provided with suitable means, such as the ears J, for securing it pivotally to a Wall-bracket.

K is a pole-armature secured upon an armature-shaft L, free to rotate in the magnetic field of the magnet and constituting in connection with it a magneto-generator. The actuating devices of this armature consist of a crank-shaft c, journaled in suitable bearings formed in the mago et and carrying a gear-wheel l), which meshes with a pinion- Wheel c on the armature-shaft, which latter is journaled in suitable bearings in the heads E, all so arr, nged that by turningthe crank d the armature may be rapidly revolved withinthe field of the magnet. This actuating mechanism is provided with a locking device of any suitable description, whereby the armature is normally locked in the position shown in Fig. 2; and the device shown in the drawings i'or this purpose consists of a springbolt e, which is adapted to engage with a hole in the gear-Wheel l) and engages with a fingerlever f, whereby it may be Withdrawn when desired.

The core-bar of the armature is of soft iron and is Wound With a continuous conductor forming two helices upon the opposite ends of the bar. One terminal p of this conductor is electrically connected to an insulated pin 7L secured in one end of the armature-shaft and making electrical contact through a springcontact g With one en d of the line M, while the other terminal p' of the conductor is in electrical connection With the armature-shaft which connects it with a ground or return conductor M through the frame. The conductor is also connected at p2, intermediate between the ytwo helices, Wit-han insulated pin t', secured in the opposite end of the armatureshaft and adapted to make with its free end electrical contact with the pivoted crotch or hook II, all so arranged that when the receiver is secured in place upon the hook the electrical contact is broken, and when the receiver is taken off the crotch a shunt P is formed to the ground or return circuit.

Q is a call-bell adapted to be actuated by the spring-hammer R, which carries an armature S. This armature projects freely through IOC) an aperture T in the pole-piece B of the magnet into proximity to the core-bar ofthe armature when the latter is in the position shown in Fig. 2, and a stop-ping' and set-screw 7a (the latter upon a non-magnetic arm Z) are arranged to control the movement of the armature.

The parts being constructed and arranged as shown and described, they are intended to operate as follows: As shown in Fig. 4, the linewire M, which connects two stations together, is electrically connected to the ground-wire M (or to the return-circuit) by way of the armature-winding, thence to the metallic easing, (formed by the magnet A and the metallic heads E,) thence to crotch N, eitherby way of spring lV, as in Fig. 4L, or by way of the pivot oi' crotch N, which, as shown in Fig. 3, is directly connected to the ring portion of magnet A. The shunt P is only closed to the ground when the receiver is taken off the crotch, which allows the spring WV to draw the crotch into contact with t'. The magnet A in connection with the revolving armature forms a magneto-generator, and the oiiice, of the locking-bolt is to lock the armature normally in the position shown in liigs. 2 and a. Thus it we suppose the other end of the line M ,to be equipped with the same apparatus it will be seen that either end can call up the other, the operator having simply to turn the crank d after releasing it from engagement with the locking-bolt and then permit it to :re-engage again. As the armature of the generator at the other end ofthe line is locked in its normal position and is included in the circuit, it

will be seen that the alternating current has to pass through the helices of the same and convert it into an electromagnet, thereby attracting the armature S and ringing the bell Q, in the well-known manner.

lf the operator who answers the call now takes the receiver off the hook N, it will be seen that the latter, by means of its spring NV, is drawn into contact with the pin i, the shunt P is closed, and thus the condition of the armature is suoli that the line is completed through that coil which is nearest to the pole C of the magnet, the other coil being short-circuited. In this condition the magnet A, together with the diaphragm l-I and armature K, constitutes the elements of a transmitter, as it will be seen that the core-bar of the armature now acts as a stationary armature, through which the magnetic lines of force pass between the pole B and the diaphragm which constitutes the other pole of the magnet A, and the vibrations of the diaphragm set up currents in the helix of the core-bar and speech will be transmitted as in the usual manner of the operation of magnetotelephones. The receiver is of any known construction adapted to that class of apparatus, and forms no part of my invention.

With my improved construction it will be seen that the aggregate number of the parts required for a telephone apparatus is greatly reduced, as the elements of the generator ai. the same time are adapted to operate as parts of the transmitter and of the call-bell.

lt is not necessary to place two coils upon the armature of the generator, as it is adapted to operate with one helix only. However, ii' two coils are used one of the coils must be short-cireuited for transmittin What I claim as my invention isl. The combination with the permanent magnet and revolving armature of a generator organized for the production of currents for signaling, of a diaphragm forming a vibrating pole of said permanent magnet and constituting with the armature and the other pole the eiements of a telephonie transmitter. substantially as described.

2. In a telephonie apparatus, the combination with the magneto generator for signaling, of a diaphragm constituting one of the poles of the permanent magnet thereof, a line circuit permanently including the coils of the revolving armature of the generator, a shunt circuit around the coils of one half of the armature and a switch for said shunt circuit. substantially as described.

3. lnk telephonie apparatus, the combination with the magneto generator for signaling, of a diaphragm arranged to form one of the poles of the permanent magnet thereof. a line circuit permanently including the coils of the revolving armature of the generator. a shunt circuit around the coils of one hall of the armature, and aswitch in said shunt circuit controlled by the hook or crotch of the receiver, substantially as described.

et. In telephonie apparatus, the combination of a permanent magnet having opposite poles, a revolving pole armature adapted for the production of alternating currents for signaling by revolving it between the poles of said magnet, means for normally holding said armature inductively adjacent with its poles to the poles of the magnet, a call bell having an actuating armature inductively adjacent to one of the poles of the armature, a diaphragm forming a vvibrating inductive element of the magnet in relation to its armature, a line circuit permanently including the coils of the armature and provided with a shunt around the coils of one half of the armature and a switch in said shunt controlled by the weight of the receiver, substantiallyas described. y

5. In a telephonic apparatus, a combined magneto transmitter and generator, said generator having a revolving pole armature adapted to be normally held in position inductively adjacent with its poles to the poles of the magnet of the generator and to the diaphragm of the transmitter, substantially as described.

6. In a telephonie apparatus, a combined magneto generator and call bell, said generator having a revolving pole armature, the coils of which are normally included in the line circuit and adapted to be held in position IOO IIO

inductively adjacent with one of its poles to the vibrating armature of the bell, substantially as described.

7. In a telephonie apparatus, the combination of the permanent magnet A, the diaphragm Il located in an aperture in one of the poles of the magnet, the revolving pole armature K, actuating devices for revolving the same, and a locking device therefor, whereby said armature is adapted to be normally held in position inductively adjacent With its poles to the poles of the magnet and to the diaphragm of the transmitter, substantially as described.

The combination of the magnet A provided with a cylindrical opening D, the poles B and C on opposite sides of said opening, the revolving armature K, means for revolving said armature and holding it normallyin position inductively adjacent With its poles to the poles of the armature, the diaphragm I-I located in an aperture of one of the poles, a bell having a vibrating armature located in an opening of the other pole of the magnet, the coils of the armature included in the line circuit, and the shunt P having a switch controlled bythe crotch or hook of the receiver, substantially as described.

9. In a telephonie apparatus, the magnet A integrally formed in one piece with the poles B and C, the opening F formed in one of the poles, and the annular flange G forming a circular orifice communicating with the opening F and constituting the seat for the diaphragm,

- substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I my signature in presence of two Witnesses.

CARL J. SCHWARZE. Witnesses A. K. KELLER, ANNA WAHLIG. 

